Hi there
as @Ix07 says you need to configure OUTLOOK itself -- I've got outlook 2010 on a VM and tested. (Still good to have things like VM's for testing different versions of software etc. !!!)
on the configuration (create new account) choose
manual setup
then enter YOUR ISP's MAIL servers / account names etc -- I prefer also IMAP as you can then easily see email on phones / tablets as well.
You'll probably still have the same OUTBOUND server problem as a lot of ISP's won't allow you to SEND email from the wider internet without using a hideous browser web based solution. This is usually to prevent spambots etc.
You can use a service like authsmtp for outbound email when on the Internet and away from home -- it's cheap enough if you prefer Outlook type of email clients. Decent documentation too.
Reading (inbound email) presents no problems wherever you are from whatever ISP you have, Things like gmail might work too - but you need to look at their documentation.
I wouldn't for private email use the work servers -- the problem with work servers is that the email address will be something like
youraccount@yourwork.com and I think you want to use your own email address, Also depending on the nature of emails - some work places get a bit funny with loads of email from "non work related" stuff.
Cheers
jimbo