Unable to update

With a 30GB drive it's pointless trying anything. Waste of time.

You need to upgrade the drive to a larger size if you want to keep going.

It appears you have misinterpreted some of the suggestions (i.e. MS suggesting more space ... NOT by plugging in an external drive). Also the method of removing some programs is fraught, I suspect you've dodge of bullet in borking your whole system by using some of the steps outlined. The disk cleanup function is superficial, at best, and leaves behind more than you realise.

I'd stop tweaking the drive to look for space and look at a larger internal replacement drive if you want to keep this device running. All criticism to Lenovo for releasing/selling a device of this limited capacity. Appalling. Reminds of the days when computer makers tried to reduce costs by selling poorly functioning devices with 1 or 2 GB of RAM.

It's a detachable hybrid 10.1" tablet/detachable keyboard from around 2016 with emmc drive.

Lenovo Ideapad Miix 310 - Full Review and Benchmarks | Laptop Mag
- a variant with 64 GB

This describes a 101CR with 64GB:
IdeaPad-Miix-310-10ICR

- whereas yours apparently has half that.

Thus increasing drive capacity does not seem a realistic option.

This is an example of why providing specs is important to get a meaningful response.

There is no way to upgrade with only 32G of drive space.
I suggest you replace the 32 GB eMMC with a 64 GB eMMC and do a Win 10 clean install.
There are ways to make a Win 10 light version.

Replace the emmc chip?

Is it possible to replace an eMMC hard drive on a laptop? - Quora
Kind of a professional task.. (Note- it's NOT a 'drive' but flash storage).

Your notebook/tablet seems not to have any other option to fit a drive or SSD of any sort.

You can prepare a light Win 10 32 bits and do a clean install
What is Tiny10 (Lightweight Windows 10) and How to Install It | Beebom