Please make sure chkdsk /b /v C: or chkdsk /b /v D: or chkdsk /b /v E: is run on each drive then post a new chkdsk from event viewer script report.

After completing the chkdsk switches please run:

a) chkdsk from event viewer:
...

Some of the findings were:

a) New Windows installation
b) Multiple unexpected shutdowns and restarts without BSOD
c) Very old Legacy BIOS with a fewer older versions available
d) Insufficient...

Please see posting instructions:

BSOD - Posting Instructions

1) Run Tuneup plus > post a share link

https://www.tenforums.com/attachments/bsod-crashes-debugging/360137d1645183388-batch-files-use-bsod-debugging-tuneup_plus_log.bat
...

Sign in
to continue to Google Drive

Please make sure that links are posted without sign in.

How to use Google Drive - Computer - Google Drive Help

The troubleshooting indicated malfunctioning hardware.

When possible, please swap test hardware components to identify or confirm.


For Windows update, upgrade, or installation issues consider...

Please perform the following steps:



1) Run Tuneup plus > post a share link
...

Please run the V2 log collector > post a share link

BSOD - Posting Instructions


Open the HP website > enters the computers serial number > > select the operating system > select each BIOS and...

This is an Asus video related to M.2.

See if there is something useful for the ASRock.

[Motherboard] Troubleshooting - Cannot find the hard disk drive or SSD(M.2) after motherboard powers on |...

V2: BSOD - Posting Instructions

Please post a new V2 share link into the newest post.

That's great.

You're welcome.

Third party AV software when uninstalled allow Microsoft defender to run.

Bitdefender and some other AV software can interfere with V2.



If V2 was able to collect the files then a share link...

Please uninstall all non-Microsoft AV software using the applicable uninstall tool:

[KB146] Uninstallers (removal tools) for common Windows antivirus software

Click extract all before launching...

See if there are options to purchase from a vendor with a low restocking fee.

Check Amazon , Newegg, etc. return policies, shipping, restocking fees etc.

This is a tradeoff but it may allow the...

Consider opening a thread in another forum room for hardware swap testing options:

https://www.tenforums.com/drivers-hardware/

ASRock > Z370 Taichi




Event[4882]:

Software stress tests will often have false negatives.

Swap testing is frequently required to identify the malfunctioning component.

If available, please swap test the CPU.

Consider starting with a fresh installation and creating only local accounts.

This generally:
cleans problems with a prior installation
cleans bloatware
has optimal performance

The computer continues to have BSOD bugcheck WHEA 124.

These are almost always caused by malfunctioning hardware.

To identify the malfunctioning hardware usually requires swap testing...

Consider performing clean install after manually saving files.

Another option is a custom install which saves files to Windows.old.
Important files are restored from Windows.old.




For...

See:

Read Shutdown Logs in Event Viewer in Windows


Please post share links:

How to share event logs in case of a computer issue - Your Windows Guide

Please make sure that surface / errors scans complete to evaluate the ends of each drive.

Please post images or share links for all tests for each drive.