Use DISM to Repair Windows 10 Image - Fundamentals explanation Pls


  1. Posts : 16
    sunandoghosh
       #1

    Use DISM to Repair Windows 10 Image - Fundamentals explanation Pls


    Use DISM to Repair Windows 10 Image - Fundamentals explanation Pls

    I have been reading the tutorial for hours and hours and need certain basic explanation in lay man terms. Did lot of google search but its always a bit more technical.

    1. DISM command and SFC command
    It seems that SFC repairs system files corruption by referring to some good image (i believe) of windows system somewhere already in my system which was created at time of windows installation.
    Is the above a correct understanding?

    2. What do you mean by servicing the image?

    3. Is this image of windows in C somewhere is ISO of windows which we used for original installation?

    4. Why the DISM command for restore health requires to sometimes mention source as ISO but now always?

    5. Also it seems in cases where it requires iso then that ISO and installed windows must be on same build version edition etc? Is it correct understanding and if yes why so?

    6. How to get iso image corresponding to my exact system build version edition as my system might not be always updated with windows updates and may be delayed? What happens if i want to use DISM command which would require ISO corresponding to my windows build? How to get one?

    7. Given a choice of enterprise vs professional version of windows 10 it seems windows 10 professional makes more sense as it would be easy to obtain iso of my own online; as it seems should the DISM command require updated enterprise source iso one would not get it easily online.

    Kindly clarify on above concepts. I did hours and hours of reading but conceptually need clarification for above. Sorry for long post. Hopefully some expert will be kind to explain.

    Thansks in advance.
      My Computer


  2. Posts : 14,901
    Windows 10 Pro
       #2

    1. Yes, these images are I believe called Hives. SFC checks the hashes of the files against the hashes of the Hive, if it doesn't match SFC tells you it found corrupted files. I have, however, seen a situation where a Hive's hash was bad resulting in a quite 'unrepairable' system as the file itself was not corrupted at all. This was due to a bug in an Avast driver, SFC actually was saying an Avast driver was corrupted. This was corrected by modifying the hash within the Hive with the assistance of an expert.

    2. If translation is correct (english to dutch), basically maintaining the health of Windows.

    3. No, DISM uses a local file, don't know which file though.
    4. Sometimes the DISM image is also corrupted or somehow damaged that it cannot be used, then it needs to be refreshed with an ISO.

    5. I believe so yes, because the files from different builds are different and as such different hashes. If you use an ISO from a different build it causes you trouble.

    6. DISM doesn't work with exact versions.
      My Computers


  3. Posts : 16,783
    Windows 10 Home x64 Version 22H2 Build 19045.4170
       #3

    This is not a direct answer but the clearest instructions for using SFC-DISM that I have found are in
    SFC and DISM - ZigZag Forum article - this one seems to me to be the easiest one for the first time user
    and in
    DISM to Repair Windows 10 Image - TenForums - when you have used SFC-DISM a few times you might decide that this one is technically better

    Denis
      My Computer


  4. Posts : 42,734
    Win 10 Pro (22H2) (2nd PC is 22H2)
       #4

    How to use DISM command-line utility to repair a Windows 10 image | Windows Central
    helps a little.

    When you run the command mentioned above, DISM will try to use Windows Update to replace the damaged files. However, if the problem has also extended to the Windows Update components, then you'll need to specify a source containing the known good files to repair the image.
    Whereas SFC /Scannow only checks the integrity of your active Windows files against those in a backup copy held on C: (C:\Windows\WinSxS) and attempts to restore corrupted files from that copy, DISM can go a lot further, and download files or restore them from a specified source.

    DISM offers another option of using a specified source of Windows OS files:
    You can specify a new location for the known good files by using the /Source switch alongside /RestoreHealth.

    Before you can use the repair commands, you will either need a copy of the install.wim file from another computer, a Windows 10 installation media, or the Windows 10 ISO file. It's also very important that the source of the known good files matches the same version, edition, and language of the operating system you're using.
    The article suggests ways of getting such a file.

    DISM can, in certain cirumstances, access a file containing Windows OS files:
    If you have upgraded to Windows 10 from a previous version of the operating system, the installation files may still stored on the C: drive, which means that you may just have a source of known good files.
    - but this is not always available.

    DISM is a complicated command, as you know. You can also use DISM to modify files such as .wim, .vhd, or .vhdx files in various ways:
    What is DISM?

    Easier option:
    Windows 10 Recovery Tools - Bootable Rescue Disk - Windows 10 Forums
    See #2 here for Kyhi's tool that makes the basic repair steps easier.
      My Computers


 

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