New
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This Microsoft article may help.
Troubleshoot problems opening the Start menu or Cortana - Windows Help
Even though its title is misleading ("Troubleshoot Problems Opening the Start Menu or Cortana") the third item in the list of things to try includes a start menu troubleshooter. Follow the prompts and this should refresh/repair the start menu. You could also try running a System File Checker scan from an elevated command prompt. This scan will check for any other damaged or corrupt system files.
Right-click the Start button and then click on Command Prompt (Admin). A new screen will open with a black background and white letters. At the flashing cursor type in sfc /scannow and click Enter. (Note the space between sfc and /scannow.) On my machine the scan takes about 20 minutes so be patient. Please post back the results of the start menu troubleshooter and/or the system file checker scan
OK, that's a good sign that no system files appear to be damaged or corrupt. You might be able to fix things by using a restore point prior to when the start menu issue first appeared.Windows found no integrity violations.
System Restore Windows 10 - Windows 10 Forums
No luck here. System Restore did not work.
TheDude23112,
Create another user account with exactly the same status/privileges as this one.
Logon to it > is Start screen normal or same problem ?
New account gets error "ProSVC service failed the sign-in. User profile can't be loaded."