Help me understand SQL Server

While trying to understand intermittent freezes in my Windows 10 that require hard reboots to recover from I was looking at my event viewer trying to find the culprit. Although I have not yet narrowed down the problem (there are several different errors) I came across several events related to SQL Server "insufficient system memory in resource pool 'internal' to run this query". I'm running a quad core i5 machine with 8 gb of ram. Looking at my list of installed programs I notice that I have the following:

SQL Server 2005 Compact Edition
SQL Server 2008 Setup Support Files
SQL Server 2012 Native Client
SQL Server 2014 Setup
SQL Server 2014
SQL Transact SQL Scriptdom
SQL Server Browser for SQL Server 2014

I've tried to read about exactly what SQL Server is and it's as clear as mud to me. Can someone help me understand what it is? Do I need to have all those versions installed? Thanks in advance for your assistance.

My guess is, if you aren't sure what SQL Server is, you don't need it. But, before you delete it, who installed these apps on your computer? If this is a corporate computer, you should ask your IT team. It is odd to see these installed on a home computer, unless you purchased an expensive license for SQL.

The only other alternative is that you have something installed that requires a local SQL install. They aren't part of a standard Windows install, so they had to be installed separately.

SQL stands for Standard Query Language, and it is used to pull data and run queries against a database or databases.