Based on what you described above. If it were my PC then here's what I'd do to get the partitions layout correctly as if it is a fresh install which contains only the partitions that I mentioned above: 450MB Recovery, 100MB EFI System, 16MB MSR and C drive.
Since you've already had the backup image of your current Windows disk then it is safe to reconfigure your Windows 10 partition scheme using
strictly with Macrium.
OPTION 1:
Wipe out the whole disk and do a fresh install to get the first 3 partitions ie. 450MB Recovery, 100 EFI System, 16MB MSR then use Macrium boot disk to replace the fresh install C-Drive with the C-Drive from your Backup then D-Drive after the C-Drive.
OPTION 2:
To save time re-installing fresh Windows 10 from option 1, you can download the template of the first 3 partitions from here:
BootEFI_Only-00-00.zip - Google Drive
From Macrium, select the template then restore to current Windows drive with the template. Again, within Macrium, select your backup image, copy your C-drive from the backup image then Data (D:) partition after C- Drive
From Macrium, click on "Fix Windows boot problem" then reboot your PC
Once done. You should have a partition scheme as follows:
450MB Recovery
100MB EFI System
16MB MSR
C: Drive
IMPORTANT: The procedure must be done using Macrium Boot Disk since you cannot perform the steps while Windows is running.