Metadata after editing image?

Two screenshots below, first one shows my actual login email adress and the second one shows an edited version.
If someone (lets say an expert) downloads this edited version, will they be able to restore the original image?
Can they tell its edited?

Is the original image still included into the edited version?
Now im not a criminal or anything im asking this out of curiosity, would law enforcement or some intelligence agency or even some hacker be able to identify this image, i mean to find out from which device the screenshot/picture/image was original taken? If yes how?

No, the original image cannot be recovered, however there could be some details such as geotagging still present. You can remove that information by right-clicking the image, choose properties, go to Details tab, at bottom of that window select "Remove properties and personal information".