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#11
Your drive is GPT according to first screenshot. Was the broken motherboard newer/more modern than this motherboard?
IF you have another computer, I would download Macrium Reflect (free) and create the bootable rescue media.
It has a tool called "Fix boot problems"... which MAY help.
I think that BIOS is an MBR BIOS, and it's trying to talk to a GPT installation of Windows.
If so, you MIGHT be able to convert that disk to MBR, and get it to work.
But I don't know enough to advise on that.
If Freebooter's commands don't help... there may be a re-install in your future.
If you don't have anything important on that drive... then, if it was me, I'd just reinstall Windows 10