accidentally renamed drive F: SYSTEM and now my laptop won't boot

Hello manuelz and welcome to TF ,

How did you rename it? From where? Changing the drive label should not prevent booting, if that's what you mean by relabel.

Is this what you mean? Change Drive Label and Rename Drive in Windows 10

manuelz said:

first of all thank you very much!

I renamed it from folder explorer by mistake, I've been an idiot and now i don't know how solve.
About label is one my idea, since you wrote that it is not good, I throw it, i must search other way to solve it.

What else did you do aside from relabel the drive?

From command prompt, you can relabel it again:
Change Drive Label in Command Prompt

Do you have a bootable USB to open command prompt and try this?

Can you enter recovery with F9 key: Asus Notebook: How to Enter Recovery Mode and Restore - YouTube

Don't factory reset your computer, just enter recovery.

I don't think he renamed the System partition. I think he renamed the C:\Windows\System folder

Boot from a Win 10 installation drive (USB) and on the first screen launch a CMD window by Shift+F10
Type:
Diskpart
list disk (identify your drive number n)
select disk n (replace n with the drive number you found above)
list part (take notes of the partition names)
exit

Post here the partitions names you found with list part