I just did what is mentioned at the link from my post and it works!
You need 4 files (i added it as attachments). Unpack it at some folder. Inside that folder you need open Powershell as admin (press ALT and hold it while typing F, S and A).
Then you type or just copy/paste following:

Add-AppxPackage Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.UWPDesktop_14.0.33519.0_x86__8wekyb3d8bbwe.Appx
Add-AppxPackage Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.UWPDesktop_14.0.33519.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe.Appx
Add-AppxPackage Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00_14.0.33519.0_x86__8wekyb3d8bbwe.Appx
Add-AppxPackage Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00_14.0.33519.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe.Appx

Close Powershell window and your apps like Calculator or Photos will work ;-)

P.S.
I just cannot upload files via forum uploader so this is external link for it.
Files