BSOD normally caused by ntoskrnl.exe but sometimes different.

I would suggest to try another drive, install Windows on it and see how it goes.

Do you have a spare hard drive or could you borrow one to install Windows on for testing?
This is a test to confirm if my suspicious about the hard drive failing is right.

I don't think so, various BSODs and these kind of event logs point to the HDD.

Code:

Event[2220]:
  Log Name: System
  Source: disk
  Date: 2017-02-10T16:13:42.608
  Event ID: 7
  Task: N/A
  Level: Error
  Opcode: N/A
  Keyword: Classic
  User: N/A
  User Name: N/A
  Computer: DESKTOP-NLF5JQL
  Description: 
The device, \Device\Harddisk0\DR0, has a bad block.